Leadership


 * Mazzini's position of leadership was he was a nationalist leader who founded Young Italy (therefore he is the founder of Young Italy).
 * Mazzini spent much of his life in exile, plotting and dreaming of a united Italy. He was determined to build a new, united Italy.
 * Mazzini's role/impact in the unification movement was that he help set up a revolutionary republic in Rome in 1849. However, French troops soon toppled it.


 * Cavour's position of leadership was he was a Prime Minister.
 * Cavour came from a noble family but favored liberal goals. He was a flexible, practical, crafty politician, willing to use almost any means and do anything in order to achieve his goals. Cavour was a monarchist who believed in Realpolitik.
 *  Cavour's role/impact in the unification movement was once in office, Cavour moved first to reform Sardinia’s economy. He improved agriculture, had railroads built, and encouraged commerce by supporting free trade. Also, in 1855, Cavour led Sardinia (who joined Britain and France) against Russia in the Crimean War. To add, in 1859, Cavour provoked a war with Austria after secret negotiations with Napoleon, who promised aid to Sardinia. Also, in 1860, Cavour provided weapons for Garibaldi and his force of 1,000 "Red Shirts", and allowed two ships to take them south to Sicily.
 * Garibaldi's position of leadership was he was a longtime nationalist and an ally of Mazzini.
 * Garibaldi wanted to create an Italian republic. However, he did not hesitate to accept aid from the monarchist Cavour.
 *  Garibaldi's role/impact in the unification movement was in 1860, Guiseppe Garibaldi invaded Sicily with his force of 1,000 Red Shirt volunteers (nationalist group), and Garibaldi's forces won control over Sicily. Garibaldi then captured Naples. In a patriotic move, Garibaldi turned over Naples and Sicily to Victor Emmanuel, who was later crowned king.
 * Victor Emmanuel's position of leadership was he was crowned king of Italy.
 * Emmanuel was the constitutional monarch of Sardinia, who hoped to join other states to his own, thereby increasing his power.
 *  Emmanuel's role/impact in the unification movement was that he was urged upon, by Cavour, to send Sardinian troops to deal with Garibaldi, but instead, the Sardinians overran the Papal States and linked up with Garibaldi and his forces in Naples (and captured Naples). Then, Victor Emmanuel was given Naples and Sicily by Garibaldi (who turned Naples and Sicily over to him), which was a patriotic move.